Legislature(2013 - 2014)BUTROVICH 205

03/26/2014 03:30 PM Senate RESOURCES


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03:30:59 PM Start
03:31:35 PM Upper Cook Inlet Salmon Dialogue
05:26:28 PM Adjourn
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+ Upper Cook Inlet Salmon Dialogue TELECONFERENCED
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                    ALASKA STATE LEGISLATURE                                                                                  
              SENATE RESOURCES STANDING COMMITTEE                                                                             
                         March 26, 2014                                                                                         
                           3:30 p.m.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS PRESENT                                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
Senator Cathy Giessel, Chair                                                                                                    
Senator Fred Dyson, Vice Chair                                                                                                  
Senator Peter Micciche                                                                                                          
Senator Click Bishop                                                                                                            
Senator Anna Fairclough                                                                                                         
Senator Hollis French                                                                                                           
Senator Lesil McGuire                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                              
All members present                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
Upper Cook Inlet Salmon Dialogue: Day 2                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     - HEARD                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
PREVIOUS COMMITTEE ACTION                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
See SRES minutes for 3/24/14.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
WITNESS REGISTER                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
JEFF FOX, former ADFG biologist                                                                                                 
Commented for Roland Maw                                                                                                        
United Cook Inlet Drift Association (UCIDA)                                                                                     
POSITION STATEMENT: Read presentation by Roland Maw, United Cook                                                              
Inlet Drift Association (UCIDA), who could not get back in time                                                                 
to testify.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
ERIK HUEBSCH, Vice President                                                                                                    
United Cook Inlet Drift Association (UCIDA)                                                                                     
POSITION STATEMENT: Introduced himself.                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
GARY FANDREI, Executive Director                                                                                                
Cook Inlet Aquaculture Association (CIAA)                                                                                       
Kenai, Alaska                                                                                                                   
POSITION STATEMENT: Discussed CIAA programs.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
RICKY GEASE, Executive Director                                                                                                 
Kenai River Sport Fishing Association (KRSFA)                                                                                   
Soldotna, Alaska                                                                                                                
POSITION STATEMENT: Showed a five-minute  video called, "Save Our                                                             
Kenai Kings," about  king salmon conservation and  its impacts on                                                               
sport fishing on the Kenai River.                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
ARNI THOMSON, Executive Director                                                                                                
Alaska Salmon Alliance (ASA)                                                                                                    
Kenai, Alaska                                                                                                                   
POSITION  STATEMENT:  Provided  an  economic  analysis  of  Kenai                                                             
Peninsula salmon and other fisheries.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
JULIANNE CURRY, Executive Director                                                                                              
United Fishermen of Alaska                                                                                                      
Juneau, Alaska                                                                                                                  
POSITION STATEMENT: Discussed seafood industry facts and issues.                                                              
                                                                                                                                
ROBERT RUFFNER, Executive Director                                                                                              
Kenai Watershed Forum (KWF)                                                                                                     
Soldotna, Alaska                                                                                                                
POSITION STATEMENT:  Discussed key  fishery habitat  concerns and                                                             
possible solutions.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
ACTION NARRATIVE                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
3:30:59 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR  CATHY   GIESSEL  called  the  Senate   Resources  Standing                                                             
Committee meeting  to order at 3:30  p.m. Present at the  call to                                                               
order  were Senators  French, Dyson,  and Chair  Giessel. Senator                                                               
Bishop arrived at 3:31 p.m.                                                                                                     
^Upper Cook Inlet Salmon Dialogue                                                                                               
                Upper Cook Inlet Salmon Dialogue                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
3:31:35 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR GIESSEL announced that the  committee would hear first from                                                               
the United Cook Inlet Drift Association (UCIDA).                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
3:31:59 PM                                                                                                                    
JEFF FOX,  former ADFG biologist,  said he was most  recently the                                                               
Cook Inlet  Area Management Biologist,  but had retired  in 2011.                                                               
He said he  was not a member of UCIDA  or a commercial fisherman,                                                               
but  was asked  to  read their  presentation  because Roland  Maw                                                               
could not get back in time to do it.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
3:34:32 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. FOX read the following:                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     In  2013, Northern  economic conservatively  valued the                                                                    
     Cook   Inlet  commercial   fishing  industry's   annual                                                                    
     contribution to  the regional  economy at  $350 million                                                                    
     and 5,000  direct jobs. Cook  Inlet provides  5 percent                                                                    
     of  the   world's  sockeye  supply  and   when  managed                                                                    
     properly it could be the  fourth largest salmon fishery                                                                    
     in  the state.  This  valuable industry  has been  here                                                                    
     since 1882  and can continue indefinitely;  it requires                                                                    
     science-based management of  salmon for sustained yield                                                                    
     and a reliable predictable regulatory environment.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     The  Board  of  Fisheries  and ADF&G  are  required  by                                                                    
     statute and  Alaska's Constitution to  manage fisheries                                                                    
     for  sustained yield  and  maximum  benefit. These  two                                                                    
     requirements are not currently  being met by the state.                                                                    
     At the recent  UCI meeting the Board  of Fisheries made                                                                    
     decisions  that compromise  ADF&G's  ability to  manage                                                                    
     fisheries  and   stay  within  escapement   goals.  New                                                                    
     scientific  data was  available to  inform the  board's                                                                    
     decision-making process.  Decisions were  made contrary                                                                    
     to  that scientific  information.  The  efforts by  the                                                                    
     board  to address  the proposals  for the  fishery were                                                                    
     politically motivated  without scientific or  a factual                                                                    
     basis.  The  board  process was  influenced  by  groups                                                                    
     pushing   allocative  agendas   under   the  guise   of                                                                    
     conservation.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     The  current  Board  of Fisheries  process  is  broken.                                                                    
     Board members  were buried under an  avalanche of paper                                                                    
     dumped on  them within  days prior  to the  meeting and                                                                    
     during the  two-week meeting.  Much of  the information                                                                    
     was technical  and without a thorough  understanding of                                                                    
     the    inter-relationships   between    the   different                                                                    
     fisheries, gear types,  run timing, historical patterns                                                                    
     and  emerging  scientific  data, the  Board  is  simply                                                                    
     unable   to  understand   the  consequences   of  their                                                                    
     decisions.  As  a result,  we  end  up with  management                                                                    
     plans that cannot achieve the intended result.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     At the recent UCI meeting,  the Board of Fisheries also                                                                    
     made  decisions  that  compromised ADF&G's  ability  to                                                                    
     manage the fisheries and stay within escapement goals.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     Nowhere  else  in  Alaska  will  you  find  a  borough-                                                                    
     sponsored   sport-fishing    advocacy   group   writing                                                                    
     commercial  fishery  management  plans. This  begs  the                                                                    
     question  of why  the plans  don't  work. The  Mat-Su's                                                                    
     document   is  full   of  exaggerations,   half-truths,                                                                    
     omissions  and  insinuations. The  conservation  issues                                                                    
     that exist  for Northern Cook Inlet  salmon stocks were                                                                    
     not caused  by saltwater fisheries and  cannot be fixed                                                                    
     by restricting saltwater fisheries.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
3:35:46 PM                                                                                                                    
     If declines in  northern salmon stocks were  due to so-                                                                    
     called interception  then effects would be  seen across                                                                    
     the stocks.  But some  stocks are  doing fine  and some                                                                    
     stocks  are  not,  because  the  problems  are  in  the                                                                    
     rivers, streams  and lakes. For example,  Chelatna Lake                                                                    
     has made  its sockeye  escapement goal  in four  of the                                                                    
     past five years  and exceeded the goal in  two of those                                                                    
     years. Larson Lake met its  sockeye escapement goals in                                                                    
     four of  the five  past years. In  2006 Shell  Lake had                                                                    
     nearly  70,000 sockeye  spawners; in  2013 it  had less                                                                    
     than 25  spawners due to  invasive pike,  predation and                                                                    
     disease.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR MICCICHE joined the committee.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     The  Mat-Su  document says  on  page  three that  "King                                                                    
     salmon numbers have dropped to  record lows." Not True.                                                                    
     This past  summer almost 90,000  kings were  counted in                                                                    
     the main  stem of the  Susitna River, upstream  of some                                                                    
     major  king tributaries  like the  Yentna and  Skwentna                                                                    
     Rivers.  Some stocks  are doing  fine, some  stocks are                                                                    
     not.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     Alexander Creek,  a tributary of the  Susitna, has lost                                                                    
     almost all of its king  run, and 26,000 angler days per                                                                    
     year, to  invasive northern pike. Several  of the other                                                                    
     streams  with  designated  king  stocks-of-concern  are                                                                    
     road-accessible  and   intensely  exploited   by  sport                                                                    
     fishing.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     Six  of the  seven  stocks-of-concern  in the  northern                                                                    
     district are king  runs that have almost  no harvest by                                                                    
     commercial  fisheries;  five  are  also  single  aerial                                                                    
     surveys. ADF&G Commissioner  Campbell corroborated this                                                                    
     after   a  Mat-Su   representative's  presentation   to                                                                    
     another  legislative  committee  last month  (Feb.  18)                                                                    
     when  she  said, "I  don't  believe  the department  is                                                                    
     assuming  commercial  harvest  pressure as  the  causal                                                                    
     factor in Chinook declines for  any of the runs we have                                                                    
     statewide."                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
3:37:49 PM                                                                                                                    
     Nearly  a  quarter million  coho  went  up the  Susitna                                                                    
     River   last  summer.   Mat-Su's  publication   doesn't                                                                    
     mention those numbers, only the  problem they have with                                                                    
     the returns to the Little  Susitna River and Jim Creek.                                                                    
     They don't  mention the pollution, habitat  damage, and                                                                    
     poaching  problems they  have  in  those systems.  They                                                                    
     also don't mention  that the Little Susitna  used to be                                                                    
     enhanced with  hatchery coho for  many years.  When the                                                                    
     enhancement program  was suspended in  1996, escapement                                                                    
     goals were  not changed and  ADF&G's intent was  to see                                                                    
     if the  natural stocks  could handle the  sport fishing                                                                    
     pressure.  ADF&G  either  needs  to  adjust  escapement                                                                    
     goals  based on  current  production  or reinstitute  a                                                                    
     hatchery  stocking  program,  or  actually  manage  the                                                                    
     sport fishery in those creeks.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
3:38:20 PM                                                                                                                    
     A  Mat-Su representative  told a  legislative Committee                                                                    
     last month  that ADF&G allows overfishing  on northern-                                                                    
     bound stocks of  salmon. This is not  a true statement.                                                                    
     It's not  true of sockeye stocks.  ADF&G estimates that                                                                    
     35  percent to  38  percent of  northern bound  sockeye                                                                    
     stocks  are  commercially   harvested.  The  commercial                                                                    
     harvest  rate on  the Kenai  and  Kasilof stocks  range                                                                    
     from 55 percent to 70  percent. Normal harvest rates to                                                                    
     achieve  maximum  sustained   yield  range  between  40                                                                    
     percent and 70 percent.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
     Neither  king stocks  nor coho  stocks are  overfished.                                                                    
     About   1  percent   of   northern   king  stocks   are                                                                    
     commercially harvested and only  10 percent of UCI coho                                                                    
     stocks are  commercially caught.  These are  the facts,                                                                    
     with no spin.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
3:39:32 PM                                                                                                                    
     Only  6 percent  of  UCI chum  stocks are  commercially                                                                    
     harvested and  only 2  percent of  UCI pink  stocks are                                                                    
     commercially  harvested.  The   Cook  Inlet  commercial                                                                    
     fishery  is  under-fishing,   not  overfishing,  salmon                                                                    
     stocks. This  does not meet  the mandate  for sustained                                                                    
     yield.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR FAIRCLOUGH joined the committee.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
3:40:29 PM                                                                                                                    
     Commercial harvest  rates are  low for  northern stocks                                                                    
     in part  due to geography.  The Northern District  is a                                                                    
     virtual  "Conservation Zone"  covering over  800 square                                                                    
     miles. No other salmon fishery  in the state has such a                                                                    
     large  conservation  zone.  Only 53  commercial  setnet                                                                    
     permits are fished in the entire Northern District.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
     All  of  the  commercial  drift  fishing  and  over  90                                                                    
     percent of  the setnetting in Cook  Inlet occurs within                                                                    
     the  Central District.  The  northern  boundary of  the                                                                    
     Central District is  over 40 miles south  of the Mat-Su                                                                    
     drainages.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     Salmon stocks in  UCI are not adapted  to northern pike                                                                    
     predation. ADF&G has found invasive  pike in 135 lakes,                                                                    
     streams, and  rivers in the Mat-Su.  The department has                                                                    
     a pike control program in only one of these systems.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     Because  management standards  are  no longer  followed                                                                    
     and  because of  the  misinformation  presented to  the                                                                    
     Board,  there  has  been  a  gradual  erosion  of  best                                                                    
     management practices.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     Salmon  are  an anadromous  species  and  as such  fall                                                                    
     under  federal regulation.  After  the  passage of  the                                                                    
     Magnuson-Stevens  Act  in  1976, the  State  of  Alaska                                                                    
     agreed,  in  a  Memorandum of  Understanding  with  the                                                                    
     National  Marine  Fisheries   Service,  that  it  would                                                                    
     manage fisheries  in Cook Inlet in  a manner consistent                                                                    
     with the MSA.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     In the  mid-to-late 1990s the Board  of Fisheries (BOF)                                                                    
     began deviating  from MSA. In  2000, the Board  wrote a                                                                    
     new  plan: Policy  for  the  Management of  Sustainable                                                                    
     Salmon Fisheries (SSFP). The  Board and ADF&G routinely                                                                    
     ignore the standards written into the SSFP.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
3:41:13 PM                                                                                                                    
     After  statehood the  Alaskan  salmon returns  puttered                                                                    
     along until  1976 when  the Magnuson-Stevens  Act (MSA)                                                                    
     became federal law. The MSA  had immediate and dramatic                                                                    
     results on salmon resources across  the state. Within a                                                                    
     few years  the overall commercial harvest  of salmon on                                                                    
     a statewide basis increased over 200 percent.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
     In  2000,  the  State adopted  the  Sustainable  Salmon                                                                    
     Fisheries Policy  (SSFP). In  the graphs,  beginning in                                                                    
     2000,  the  blue  line  continues  across  at  the  MSA                                                                    
     average, while  the red line  shows the  actual average                                                                    
     harvest from 2000 through 2013.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
     In the upper graph one  can see a modest benefit gained                                                                    
     in  the  statewide  salmon  harvest  numbers  (although                                                                    
     those  gains are  due to  hatchery production  of pinks                                                                    
     and chums). In Cook Inlet,  under the SSFP, the average                                                                    
     harvests of all species of salmon have declined.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     On  the Cook  Inlet chart,  the difference  between the                                                                    
     average harvests  under Magnuson and the  SSFP, the red                                                                    
     and blue  lines, on  the right  end of  the chart  is a                                                                    
     rough measure of unharvested surplus salmon.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
3:42:31 PM                                                                                                                    
     The  low  Cook  Inlet  harvest  rates  of  king  salmon                                                                    
     reflect how they have largely  been allocated away from                                                                    
     the  commercial  fisheries  in  Cook  Inlet  after  the                                                                    
     stocks started to recover in the mid-1980s.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Sockeye  salmon harvests  across  the state  benefitted                                                                    
     from the MSA  but Cook Inlet sockeye  harvests have not                                                                    
     maintained that level under the SSFP.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     In the  mid-to-late 1990s when  the Board  of Fisheries                                                                    
     and ADF&G  stopped complying with their  agreement with                                                                    
     the  National   Marine  Fisheries  Service   to  manage                                                                    
     fisheries  in Cook  Inlet in  a manner  consistent with                                                                    
     the  MSA,  the  Cook  Inlet  harvest  decreased  by  an                                                                    
     average of  about 700,000 sockeye  per year.  This lost                                                                    
     harvest had  an ex-vessel value  of between $4  and $10                                                                    
     million dollars per year.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     Commercial harvests  of coho salmon in  Cook Inlet have                                                                    
     been greatly  reduced, even though  90 percent  of Cook                                                                    
     Inlet  coho  get  back to  the  rivers.  Sport  fishing                                                                    
     harvests  only  about  another 10  percent,  leaving  a                                                                    
     large, harvestable surplus which  you can see reflected                                                                    
     in the decreased harvest in the Cook Inlet chart.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Commercial harvests  of pink salmon in  Cook Inlet have                                                                    
     been tremendously reduced. The  most recent ADF&G study                                                                    
     indicated that the commercial  fisheries harvest only 2                                                                    
     percent  of   available  stocks,  leaving   an  immense                                                                    
     harvestable surplus. On even  years, this surplus is in                                                                    
     the tens of millions of pounds.                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
3:43:39 PM                                                                                                                    
     The commercial  harvests of chum  salmon in  Cook Inlet                                                                    
     have   also  been   tremendously  reduced.   Commercial                                                                    
     fisheries harvest  only 6 percent of  available stocks,                                                                    
     leaving  an immense  harvestable  surplus. Hundreds  of                                                                    
     thousands of fish and millions  of pounds of product go                                                                    
     unharvested. This deprives the  region and the state of                                                                    
     Alaska of the economic  benefit of this surplus natural                                                                    
     resource.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     This [graph on slide 23] is  a clear example of how the                                                                    
     Board  makes management  decisions based  on perception                                                                    
     rather than  factual information. This lost  harvest is                                                                    
     going  to  hundreds  of  non-road  accessible  off-road                                                                    
     systems that don't receive much fishing pressure.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
3:44:51 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MCGUIRE joined the committee.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     What we  see is mismanagement  of Cook Inlet  salmon by                                                                    
     the  BOF   and  ADF&G  that  has   led  to  unnecessary                                                                    
     reductions   in   harvest  resulting   in   significant                                                                    
     economic losses  and damage to the  production capacity                                                                    
     of the salmon resource in Cook Inlet.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
3:46:34 PM                                                                                                                    
     If  harvesting salmon  is so  difficult  in the  Mat-Su                                                                    
     Borough, why are  well over half of  the fish released?                                                                    
     Sixty-six  percent of  the Chinook,  44 percent  of the                                                                    
     coho, 52 percent of the  sockeye, and nearly 94 percent                                                                    
     of the pink and chum  stocks catches in these areas are                                                                    
     released.  Only  one-third  of the  fish  are  actually                                                                    
     retained.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
3:47:13 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR DYSON remarked that Mr. Fox had suggested that                                                                          
administrative changes to the board process were needed,                                                                        
specifically.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MR.  FOX said  there  are  a lot  of  options,  but he  suggested                                                               
instituting  sideboards on  just  how the  board  has to  achieve                                                               
allocations.  Right  now,  he  is   hearing  that  the  board  is                                                               
restricting  a lot  of fisheries  and putting  fish into  streams                                                               
that no one is harvesting on.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DYSON  said he understood  that, but they  need specifics                                                               
while being very  wary of specific things that  might be changing                                                               
as time  goes forward. Bristol  Bay is a  river-of-origin fishery                                                               
where it's  quite easy to fish  on a discrete stock,  but much of                                                               
Cook Inlet is  a mixed stock fishery that is  difficult to fish a                                                               
discrete group of fish that are going by. Can that be managed?                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR.  FOX answered  that everyone  assumes there  is a  problem in                                                               
Cook Inlet,  because people are  still fighting about  fish. That                                                               
is not  necessarily a  problem. Bristol Bay  is a  much different                                                               
fishery; they fish every type.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DYSON asked what to do  about pike beyond what is already                                                               
being done and  what about dealing with beaver  damage to rearing                                                               
grounds.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR. FOX replied  that beaver's biggest problem is  that they have                                                               
made impassable waterways, especially  in the Valley, because the                                                               
water gets  real high. At 50  F., salmon die because  there isn't                                                               
enough oxygen  in the  water. About  the only  thing that  can be                                                               
done with the beaver dams is to pull them out before winter.                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR DYSON asked about the pike.                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MR. FOX  answered if you  don't do  something with the  pike they                                                               
are going to continue to spread.  They have looked into a seismic                                                               
water gun  and netting, but  the only other  way they know  of is                                                               
something that  is expensive and  hard to use in  flowing waters,                                                               
and they have  accidentally wiped out many  species. Something is                                                               
out there that  will take care of  pike, but it still  has yet to                                                               
be found.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
3:51:38 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  MICCICHE said  it's not  an unrealistic  expectation for                                                               
Alaskans  to want  to catch  fish close  to home,  but there  are                                                               
folks in  the Valley who  feel that  they don't have  the returns                                                               
they used  to have  on many  streams. They know  that is  true on                                                               
many streams; it  may be a perception on others  and be an access                                                               
issue on  some. What top three  things first steps would  he take                                                               
to fix that problem?                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
MR.  FOX replied  that it  is a  tough problem,  but it  could be                                                               
fixed,  and just  because  people fight  over  fish doesn't  mean                                                               
there  aren't  enough fish.  As  one  moves into  road-accessible                                                               
systems, lower  bag limits will  be needed  or some other  way of                                                               
reducing fish  harvest in the  river. It doesn't matter  how many                                                               
fish you  put in a river,  there is still enough  pressure in the                                                               
river that  they will be  harvested. At  some point, you  have to                                                               
have a  distinct management  regime for  each system.  The Little                                                               
Susitna  would probably  have a  1 or  2 fish  bag limit  and the                                                               
Nushigak could have a 3 or 5  fish limit. It also has be actively                                                               
managed. If you increase harvest ability,  you have to be able to                                                               
close it down rapidly.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
ERIK   HUEBSCH,  Vice   President,   United   Cook  Inlet   Drift                                                               
Association (UCIDA), introduced himself.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
3:54:42 PM                                                                                                                    
GARY   FANDREI,  Executive   Director,  Cook   Inlet  Aquaculture                                                               
Association (CIAA), Kenai, Alaska, said  he had held his position                                                               
since 1996 and he is very  proud of their programs. Their mission                                                               
is to  protect self-perpetuating salmon  stocks and  the habitats                                                               
in  which  they  depend,  rehabilitate  self-perpetuating  salmon                                                               
stocks, rehabilitate  salmon habitat,  and to maximize  the value                                                               
of the  Cook Inlet common  property fishery resource  by applying                                                               
science and enhancement technology where appropriate.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
He  said  they are  funded  primarily  by  the 2  percent  salmon                                                               
enhancement  tax  that  is  taxed  on  commercial  fishermen  and                                                               
allocated  back  to  the Aquaculture  Association.  That  funding                                                               
source varies dramatically because it's  tied to what the harvest                                                               
value is.  It has been  as low as $176,000  in some years  and as                                                               
high as  $2.6 million in others.  As a result of  that, they have                                                               
looked at  funding from other  sources and  one of those  is cost                                                               
recovery licensing where they run  hatchery programs and have the                                                               
ability  to  harvest  some  of  those fish  to  help  supply  the                                                               
programs  they are  operating. Money  is also  coming in  through                                                               
grant  contracts  for  fish  production for  some  of  the  local                                                               
communities in the Kenai Peninsula  area and they are also active                                                               
in  pursuing  grants to  run  a  varied  number of  programs  and                                                               
projects.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
3:57:23 PM                                                                                                                    
They cover the  Cook Inlet drainage including the  outer coast of                                                               
the Kenai Peninsula  and all the waters that drain  into the Cook                                                               
Inlet.  This  is  approximately  equal  to  the  Kenai  Peninsula                                                               
Borough,  the Mat-Su  Borough,  and the  City  of Anchorage.  The                                                               
headquarters  is  in Kenai.  They  have  hatcheries in  Anchorage                                                               
(currently not operating),  at Moose Pass (a  state facility they                                                               
operate under contract), and also  one in lower Cook Inlet across                                                               
from  Homer,  which is  also  state  facility.  They are  in  the                                                               
process now of  negotiating for another hatchery  at Port Graham.                                                               
This facility  has not been operating  for a few years,  but they                                                               
look forward to getting it going again.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
MR. FANDREI  explained that  CIAA's "secondary  programs" include                                                               
weir  structures in  Bear  Lake  in Seward  and  sites on  Kalgan                                                               
Island and  the Paint River  Fish Ladder  in lower Cook  Inlet on                                                               
the west side.                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
3:59:15 PM                                                                                                                    
Their  stocking  programs are  varied  with  most of  them  being                                                               
located in  lower Cook Inlet; one  is in the Susitna  Basin. They                                                               
operate flow  control structures to  assist fish back  into their                                                               
spawning grounds  and a number  of monitoring programs.  They are                                                               
also  doing   some  habitat  projects  as   opportunities  exist,                                                               
generally trying to team up with other organizations.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
The work in Susitna is also  quite varied; they have been doing a                                                               
lot of monitoring  and beaver dam work. They have  also done some                                                               
limnology sampling in those areas.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
He wanted to mention beaver  dams, because they have been brought                                                               
up a  number of times.  They regularly  fly a number  of systems,                                                               
particularly  in the  Susitna Valley,  and look  for beaver  dams                                                               
that  block fish  as  they  are migrating  up  to their  spawning                                                               
grounds.  The dams  don't need  to be  particularly big  to be  a                                                               
problem to  fish. So,  if they  find a dam  that is  holding fish                                                               
back, they  will land  with a  helicopter and have  a crew  cut a                                                               
notch in the dam to allow  fish to move up. These notches usually                                                               
only last  for 24-48 hours; the  beavers build them back  up. But                                                               
they also  recognize that  this is  not an  issue on  every creek                                                               
every  year. It  all depends  on a  number of  factors and  early                                                               
efforts in discussions about stream temperatures etc.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
He showed a picture of fish that  had died in Shell Creek in 2003                                                               
at a time when they had a  lot of sunshine with very little rain.                                                               
He explained that typically, the rain  falls at the right time of                                                               
year and  the water will flood  around a beaver dam  and the fish                                                               
will  find a  way out.  It  doesn't happen  all the  time and  it                                                               
becomes a  critical issue  about once every  three years  on some                                                               
streams in the Valley.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:01:36 PM                                                                                                                    
More  recent studies  in the  Susitna area  have been  looking at                                                               
some  of  the  escapement  goals and  comparing  them  with  some                                                               
historic  data. Some  years ago  they  proposed to  do some  weir                                                               
counts at  specific lakes in  the area  and compare them  to what                                                               
the  sonar counter  was  indicating. They  found  that the  sonar                                                               
counter was  actually undercounting the  fish that were  going up                                                               
into the Valley. There was actually  more fish going up than they                                                               
thought.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR.  FANDREI said  a couple  of  lakes near  Chelatna, Judd,  and                                                               
Larson Lakes, Red Shirt and  Trapper Lakes, that historically had                                                               
sockeye salmon runs  no longer have fish returning  to them. Some                                                               
of the lakes were northern pike  lakes and some not, but the ones                                                               
with northern pike tended to have reduced production.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
Zooplankton species was  monitored in the lakes,  because that is                                                               
the food  source, particularly  for sockeye  salmon, and  for the                                                               
most part adequate zooplankton was found to produce fish.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
4:03:06 PM                                                                                                                    
The  second  part of  his  presentation  concerned northern  pike                                                               
issues. Mr. Fandrei  said CIAA wants to try to  identify what the                                                               
pike are  doing in  a couple  of systems to  try to  determine if                                                               
there was a  way to economically control them so  that other fish                                                               
could co-exist. One of the  areas was Chelatna Lake, because that                                                               
system  appears  to have  something  of  a stable  population  of                                                               
salmon, but  it also has northern  pike. It appears to  have good                                                               
salmon  habitat and  marginal pike  habitat;  therefore they  co-                                                               
exist.                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:04:00 PM                                                                                                                    
In Whiskey  and Hewitt  Lakes they seemed  to not  be co-existing                                                               
very well.  There they found  more marginal salmon habitat  and a                                                               
little bit  better pike habitat. One  of the things they  did was                                                               
radio-tag fish  and tried  to track them  throughout the  year to                                                               
find out  if they were  vulnerable to  any kind of  management or                                                               
control at any  time in their life cycle. In  fact, they actually                                                               
had a crew out earlier tracking some fish there.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
They  were  considering  installing an  electrical  barrier  that                                                               
could  be used  to help  control the  movement of  some of  these                                                               
fish, called a  "Neptun." Trials were run  using that information                                                               
to see  if they  could come up  with any kind  of a  mechanism by                                                               
which pike  populations could be  controlled. It can  be adjusted                                                               
to allow immature fish to leave  a lake system, but it would also                                                               
direct pike  into a side  channel where they could  be harvested.                                                               
That is still being played with.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
4:04:56 PM                                                                                                                    
The last project he wanted to  mention was the Shell Lake project                                                               
where monitoring has indicated some  alarming declines in sockeye                                                               
populations.  In  2006,  almost  70,000 fish  escaped  into  that                                                               
system and  that dropped  to 26,000  in 2007  and 2,600  in 2008.                                                               
Smolt  migration studies  were being  done at  the same  time and                                                               
they realized that  the adult migration escapement  into the lake                                                               
was not corresponding with the  smolt that were being produced by                                                               
the system,  indicating that something  was going on in  the lake                                                               
that was  causing a  loss of  fish within  the lake  system. They                                                               
wanted to  do some  additional investigations  on that,  but what                                                               
got  them concerned  was in  2011 when  only 17  smolt left  that                                                               
particular system, indicating that  probably no fish would return                                                               
from that year.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
So, they decided  to go in there  in the next return  of fish and                                                               
collect eggs and take them  to the Trail Lakes Hatchery, incubate                                                               
and rear  them to  smolt size,  and release  them into  the lake.                                                               
Those  fish  (70,000)  will  be released  into  Shell  Lake  this                                                               
spring.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
They  were going  to do  that again  in the  following year,  but                                                               
unfortunately not enough  adult fish returned to be  able to even                                                               
secure  any eggs.  The interesting  thing that  happened is  that                                                               
locals pointed out  that a lot of the fish  returning to the lake                                                               
were actually dying before they had  a chance to spawn. They were                                                               
picking  up dead  fish  along  the lake  shore  that  had a  full                                                               
complement of eggs in their system. That was alarming!                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
Some of  those fish were  collected and taken to  ADF&G pathology                                                               
for analysis  and a high  prevalence of two parasites  were found                                                               
in  the fish:  one was  Loma, which  affects the  gills, and  the                                                               
other one  was Proliferative Kidney Disease  (PKD), which affects                                                               
the kidneys. Both parasites can result  in the death of the fish.                                                               
They  become a  problem  when fish  become  stressed, and  stress                                                               
could be due  just from the spawning activity.  They believe that                                                               
is what was going on there.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
So, what was thought to be  a northern pike problem turned out to                                                               
be a little more complicated, and  that's a real issue to look at                                                               
in  any  of  these  programs  in  coming  up  with  any  type  of                                                               
rehabilitation  project or  management  decision  that goes  into                                                               
place to correct any of these issues.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
CIAA wants  to continue  with the northern  pike project  and the                                                               
Shell  Lake   project  and  are   very  interested  in   doing  a                                                               
rehabilitation project at Red Shirt and Trapper Lakes.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:08:34 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  DYSON  asked how  successful  getting  hatchery fish  to                                                               
restock a drainage system is.                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
MR. FANDREI replied that they  had been running hatchery programs                                                               
for a  number of years and  have the procedures down  pretty well                                                               
in  terms of  being  able  to collect  eggs,  bring  them into  a                                                               
facility,  rear  and  release  them. But  the  issue  they  have,                                                               
particularly with programs like Shell  Lake, is that they want to                                                               
put the same genetic stock back into the lake.                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  DYSON asked  if they  did that,  would they  survive and                                                               
repopulate the drainage.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR. FANDREI  answered that  Chelatna Lake that  now has  a stable                                                               
population as an  example. Back in the early 1990s  very few fish                                                               
returned. They  returned the fish as  fry and they did  come back                                                               
to spawn and reproduce.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
4:10:05 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR BISHOP asked if they thought of relocating the beaver.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
MR. FANDREI  answered that  they had  entertained the  thought of                                                               
going out there  and using dynamite on the dams,  but the problem                                                               
is that beaver  dams also produce habitat, so  benefits and risks                                                               
have to be  weighed when doing that.  Transplanting beavers would                                                               
a  short-term solution,  because  other beavers  would soon  move                                                               
back in if it's a good habitat.                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR BISHOP asked if any of the pike are trophy size.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR. FANDREI answered that some very  large pike come out of these                                                               
systems.  One  of  the interesting  things  about  introducing  a                                                               
species  to a  system is  that you  get a  very rapid  population                                                               
increase and  a top-heavy age structure.  You get a lot  of large                                                               
pike  initially,  but  after  they  stabilize  the  smaller  pike                                                               
prevail with very few larger ones.                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR BISHOP remarked  that he was just trying to  help him get                                                               
rid of the pike  and he wanted more people to  know where the big                                                               
fish are.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR GIESSEL asked if their  research on diseases gets passed on                                                               
to ADF&G or not.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR.  FANDREI  answered that  any  work  they  do gets  an  annual                                                               
progress report that  gets distributed to ADF&G.  They don't have                                                               
the expertise to do the analysis  on the pathology part of it, so                                                               
they have to coordinate that with the department.                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
4:12:45 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MCGUIRE said  she grew up with a cabin  on Shell Lake and                                                               
it's sad to  see the fish numbers down. She  asked if Sucker Lake                                                               
has any salmon.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
MR. FANDREI  recalled doing some  work there, but he  didn't know                                                               
exactly  what it  was. Sucker  Lake probably  has no  more salmon                                                               
returning to it, though.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  DYSON said  trappers have  told him  there isn't  enough                                                               
money in beaver, so a bounty  system is needed, and he hoped that                                                               
community service groups and trappers could work that problem.                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
4:14:47 PM                                                                                                                    
RICKY  GEASE,  Executive  Director,  Kenai  River  Sport  Fishing                                                               
Association  (KRSFA),  Soldotna, Alaska,  said  they  are a  non-                                                               
profit  fishery  conservation  organization and  showed  a  five-                                                               
minute video called,  "Save Our Kenai Kings," that  is about king                                                               
salmon  conservation and  its  impacts on  sport  fishing on  the                                                               
Kenai River.                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
4:21:39 PM                                                                                                                    
MR.  GEASE said  the goal  of fisheries  management in  Alaska is                                                               
sustainability.  Both  the  federal   and  state  fisheries  have                                                               
systems put in place that  are probably the most public processes                                                               
for any type of fisheries management  in the world on both levels                                                               
with the North Pacific Fisheries  Management Council and National                                                               
Marine Fisheries  Service dealing  with annual catch  limits. The                                                               
state fisheries  is managed  through the  Board of  Fisheries and                                                               
ADF&G and  deal with escapement goals,  specifically with salmon,                                                               
and  they  are  based  on  having  long-term  sustainability  and                                                               
accountability measures,  and when there  are times of  need, you                                                               
have  a  sharing  of  burden of  conservation  to  prevent  over-                                                               
fishing.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Alaska  commercial   fisheries  account  for  half   the  seafood                                                               
produced  in the  United States  with a  wholesale value  of $3.5                                                               
billion  to $5  billion; the  sport fisheries  account for  about                                                               
$1.4  billion.  That  type  of   management  which  is  based  on                                                               
sustainability  allows  certification  and  marketing  of  Alaska                                                               
commercial  fisheries  as  sustainable,  an  important  marketing                                                               
tool.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
MR.  GEASE said  there are  some fundamental  differences between                                                               
recreational fishing  and commercial fish management.  One of the                                                               
basic things  in sport  fisheries is that  effort is  measured by                                                               
angler days:  if you're out  for an  hour or eight  hours, that's                                                               
called an angler  day. Those are controlled by  daily bag limits.                                                               
In  contrast commercial  fisheries are  measured by  metric tons.                                                               
The second basic  difference is that sport  fisheries are looking                                                               
towards   maximum  sustainable   production:  anglers   look  for                                                               
abundance of  fish in  the fisheries;  more fish  typically means                                                               
more angler  days. In contrast, commercial  fisheries are looking                                                               
for maximum sustained yield and  the harvestable surplus over the                                                               
escapement  range. Sport  fisheries are  looking for  predictable                                                               
in-season management with consistent  daily bag limits across the                                                               
season. In  contrast, commercial fisheries look  for flexible in-                                                               
season  management: for  example  Cook Inlet  salmon fleets  have                                                               
regular openers as well as  emergency openings that allow them to                                                               
harvest based on in-season numbers coming into the river.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
4:24:48 PM                                                                                                                    
The  economics  of  recreational  fisheries are  based  on  large                                                               
values per fish  being generated through multiple  sectors of the                                                               
economy:  the retail  sector has  tackle shops,  rods and  reels,                                                               
boats, motors,  etc. The tourism sector  has lodges, restaurants,                                                               
transportation, etc. The  real estate sector: there  are a couple                                                               
thousand homes on  the Kenai River and half of  them are probably                                                               
second  homes  based primarily  on  the  concept of  fishing.  In                                                               
contrast,  the economics  in a  commercial fishery  are based  on                                                               
smaller margins and larger numbers of fish.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:26:00 PM                                                                                                                    
He said the state's largest  sport and personal use fisheries are                                                               
in Cook  Inlet. Fisheries  are big  business there  generating $1                                                               
billion: $800 million is generated  in the sport and personal use                                                               
fisheries  and a  $200  million is  generated  in the  commercial                                                               
fisheries (salmon, halibut, and  other Cook Inlet fish). One-half                                                               
of all  angler days in  Alaska are generated in  UCI. Two-hundred                                                               
thousand  resident  and non-resident  anglers  fish  in UCI  each                                                               
year.                                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
The Kenai  river is home  to the  largest sport and  personal use                                                               
fisheries   in  Alaska;   those  include   the  largest   sockeye                                                               
fisheries, largest  coho fisheries,  largest king  fisheries, and                                                               
largest personal use fisheries. Alaska  is in the top five states                                                               
in the nation  for non-resident angler expenditures.  So, this is                                                               
a place where people come to go fishing.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
The  Kenai  National Wildlife  Refuge  survey  was released  last                                                               
year. It  is the  top wildlife  refuge in  America in  per person                                                               
expenditures, a  lot of it  generated from sport fishing.  In the                                                               
tourism industry,  the average  person comes  for about  8-9 days                                                               
and  spends about  $800. A  non-resident angler  can spend  up to                                                               
$780 per  day. About 40  percent of revenues generated  in Alaska                                                               
from tourism are based on the activity of sport fishing.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:27:51 PM                                                                                                                    
Cook  Inlet  fisheries  management   is  complex;  it's  a  fully                                                               
allocated  fishery. It  has all  five species  of salmon:  kings,                                                               
reds, silvers, pinks,  and chums in major  watersheds. About half                                                               
the  stocks of  concern  in the  state  are in  UCI.  It has  the                                                               
longest BOF meetings;  typically they last from 3-5  days, but in                                                               
Cook Inlet they last 14 days  just to deal with the complexity of                                                               
these different fisheries.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
4:28:47 PM                                                                                                                    
In 2014,  the issue of  Alaska king salmon  was thrown on  top of                                                               
that  complexity.  Ocean  productivity  is a  key  issue  in  low                                                               
numbers of  king salmon  in Alaska.  King salmon  spend up  to 85                                                               
percent  of  their life  cycle  in  the marine  environment;  the                                                               
National Marine Fishery  Service and NOAA consider  them a marine                                                               
species.  This  is a  statewide  issue.  In general,  Alaska  has                                                               
healthy  fresh water  habitats  and  there seems  to  be a  40-50                                                               
ocean-cycle regime that leads to  "boom and busts" in king salmon                                                               
production. In  the 80s and 90s,  the top 10 king  salmon records                                                               
were  harvested  on  the Kenai  River;  that's  when  Washington,                                                               
Oregon,  and  California  were having  all  their  ESA  listings.                                                               
Currently, right  now we are  in a very  down cycle and  they are                                                               
having record  returns of king  salmon. This has  alternated back                                                               
and forth through time.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
Back  in  the  1940s  on  the  Kenai  Peninsula  the  fish  traps                                                               
harvested 80-120,000  kings; then  there was a  bust in  the mid-                                                               
1960s, the  last time the Kenai  River was closed to  king salmon                                                               
fishing for multiple years.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
In 2012, he said the  governor and the legislature authorized $30                                                               
million to  be spent over  five years  to examine causes  of king                                                               
salmon  decline and  the federal  government  issued a  statewide                                                               
economic disaster  declaration covering Yukon/Kuskokwim  and Cook                                                               
Inlet that resulted in about  $20 million of federal disaster aid                                                               
coming to the state this year.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
He said  the Bering Sea  has king salmon  accountability measures                                                               
as  by-catch  measures from  their  fishing  cooperatives in  the                                                               
trawl  fisheries. On  the state  level, the  BOF, the  ADF&G, the                                                               
legislature,  the governor,  and the  court system  all recognize                                                               
that there are king salmon conservation issues.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
MR.  GEASE said  Upper Cook  Inlet  is having  historic low  king                                                               
salmon returns.  The king salmon management  plans were developed                                                               
in  the 1980s  when 80-100,000  kings came  back in  the combined                                                               
early and late runs to the Kenai  River and all king runs in Cook                                                               
Inlet are being impacted.                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
On the Kenai River, itself,  major indicators show steep declines                                                               
in Kenai River  king salmon over the last decade.  Late run kings                                                               
harvested by  sport fishermen have  declined by about  80 percent                                                               
and   those   harvested   by   commercial   setnetters   declined                                                               
dramatically. Late  run kings  caught in  the in-river  test nets                                                               
show the same steep decline.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
4:32:33 PM                                                                                                                    
What's at  stake? The  Kenai River  was voted  as the  number one                                                               
sport fishing  river in  North America  a decade  ago by  Field &                                                               
Stream   and  that   fishery  is   being   lost,  but   hopefully                                                               
conservation measures will prevail and it will rebound.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
They  are  trying to  maintain  the  opportunity for  sustainable                                                               
recreational  fisheries for  future generations.  The economy  on                                                               
the  Kenai Peninsula  is  taking  a hit,  because  the number  of                                                               
visitors to the king salmon fishery is declining, too.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:33:34 PM                                                                                                                    
So, their campaign goal is  to update the fishery management plan                                                               
to reflect the low numbers of  king salmon and they have a couple                                                               
of different proposals  into the BOF based upon  the concept that                                                               
adequate numbers of Kenai kings  must be allowed to spawn, making                                                               
sure minimum  escapement goals are  met, and ensuring there  is a                                                               
shared burden of conservation of harvesters.                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
Over the last  decade, east side setnetters  have harvested about                                                               
30 percent more kings than  the combined in-river anglers and the                                                               
dipnetters. So,  they are a  major harvester of king  salmon. The                                                               
setnetters  harvested  over  100,000 kings,  the  in-river  sport                                                               
anglers during that decade harvested  100,000 kings, and personal                                                               
use dipnetters harvested about 10,000.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
4:34:23 PM                                                                                                                    
He said KRSFA produced this video  as an educational piece to get                                                               
people to understand  the issue and the  impacts of conservation.                                                               
They created  a letter-writing campaign to  allow people's voices                                                               
to be  heard in the  BOF process;  they have generated  about 300                                                               
letters from  their membership  and other  concerned Southcentral                                                               
Alaska people. They  did tourism industry outreach  and got their                                                               
feedback that the Peninsula fishing industry is hurting.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:36:43 PM                                                                                                                    
MR. GEASE  said the  Board of Fisheries  meeting happened  in the                                                               
first two weeks of February and  there were 250 proposals with 12                                                               
different committees  operating during that time.  The results of                                                               
that were  being broadcast on  social media to keep  folks up-to-                                                               
date along with  over 50 UCI stories  of the UCI in  the media in                                                               
Southcentral Alaska.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
The BOF  decided not to lower  the escapement goal for  early run                                                               
kings, because it is not  a long-term goal. They proposed keeping                                                               
the escapement goal higher than the  new goals that had come out.                                                               
A buffer zone of 1,650 fish is  included in the late run plan and                                                               
protections  in August.  The data  shows the  larger females  are                                                               
coming in the  last week of July and into  the first couple weeks                                                               
of  August  and there  are  protections  for that.  Additionally,                                                               
there were some  in-river fish spawning habitat  closures for the                                                               
early run and a barbless  hook requirement for catch and release.                                                               
They also  instituted pared  restrictions for  commercial, sport,                                                               
personal use  fisheries that  were adopted  into the  King Salmon                                                               
Management  Plan. When  the in-river  sport fishery  goes to  no-                                                               
bait, there  are restrictions that  take place in  the commercial                                                               
fishery and the personal use fishery  to slow down the harvest of                                                               
kings. The  board also  authorized the use  of shallower  nets in                                                               
the  setnet  fishery  and  put   additional  flexibility  in  the                                                               
commercial  fisheries  management   toolbox;  instead  of  having                                                               
regular  fish  periods  and  windows,  now  the  commercial  fish                                                               
manager can use hours and spread them out through the week.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:37:47 PM                                                                                                                    
Ongoing management  through the  Board of  Fisheries: they  did a                                                               
good job  of putting  additional tools into  the toolbox  for the                                                               
department to use.  The early run of Kenai River  kings is closed                                                               
for  the first  time  since  1964. All  major  king salmon  sport                                                               
fisheries in  Cook Inlet  are going  to have  restrictions and/or                                                               
closures; everyone has to wait to  see how the late run kings are                                                               
managed in July.                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
4:38:50 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR DYSON  said he  was impressed  with Mr.  Gease's balanced                                                               
report and  asked if  ADF&G had  figured out  escapement closures                                                               
with so many users.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MR. GEASE  answered yes,  by closing the  early run  early enough                                                               
(in February) so people had a chance to change their plans.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
4:40:10 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  MICCICHE remarked  that Mr.  Gease was  not blaming  any                                                               
particular group  for where we  are right  now; he just  wants to                                                               
ensure that every king salmon gets  back to its river to minimize                                                               
the very challenging down times.                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MR. GEASE  said that was  right. He  thought this was  a cyclical                                                               
problem and it's important to  realize that all species have down                                                               
cycles and management plans need  to recognize both times of high                                                               
abundance and times of low abundance.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
4:41:30 PM                                                                                                                    
ARNI THOMSON,  Executive Director, Alaska Salmon  Alliance (ASA),                                                               
Kenai, Alaska, said he contracted  with Northern Economics out of                                                               
Anchorage for an economic analysis  of Kenai Peninsula salmon and                                                               
other fisheries.  The important economic statistics  were touched                                                               
on by United Cook Inlet Drifters. He stated that:                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
     The  Alaska  Salmon Alliance  was  formed  in 2011  and                                                                    
     became  active  in  2013.   It's  an  Alaska  502(c)(6)                                                                    
     corporation,  a  trade association  representing  Kenai                                                                    
     Peninsula  and Anchorage-based  seafood processors  and                                                                    
     numerous  Cook   Inlet  commercial  drift   and  setnet                                                                    
     fishermen. Our  organization believes that  wild Alaska                                                                    
     salmon are  part of the  cultural fabric of  our state.                                                                    
     They  are woven  into  our past,  our  present and  our                                                                    
     future. As  an organization,  ASA is focused  on public                                                                    
     education, promoting the  value of scientifically based                                                                    
     salmon  management  to  preserve  habitats  and  create                                                                    
     predictable harvests  for all salmon users  in the Cook                                                                    
     Inlet    Region.   The    ASA   promotes    long   term                                                                    
     sustainability   and   is   a   source   for   accurate                                                                    
     information about the salmon  industry. We advocate for                                                                    
     thoughtful, process-oriented  allocation of  Cook Inlet                                                                    
     salmon  for  the  benefit  of   all  Alaska.  ASA  also                                                                    
     supports  the concept  of a  healthy, diverse  economic                                                                    
     for the  Kenai Peninsula with a  balance of commercial,                                                                    
     sport, personal use and subsistence fisheries.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
     During  the past  year  the ASA  has  invested tens  of                                                                    
     thousands  of  dollars  on community  outreach  in  the                                                                    
     Anchorage  bowl   and  Mat-Su  Valley   delivering  our                                                                    
     message  about the  need  for  cooperation between  all                                                                    
     user groups  to come  together to resolve  conflict and                                                                    
     seek  long term  allocative  and sustainable  fisheries                                                                    
     management   programs  for   the   Cook  Inlet   salmon                                                                    
     fisheries.  ASA   efforts  are  well  known   and  well                                                                    
     documented  vis-a-vis community  meetings and  chambers                                                                    
     of  commerce  attendance  and sponsorship  of  programs                                                                    
     encouraging  collaboration  and  negotiation.  We  have                                                                    
     documented some of those efforts with attachments.                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
     It   is  noteworthy   that   the   ASA  spearheaded   a                                                                    
     precedential collaborative  research funding initiative                                                                    
     in  the Alaska  Legislature  with the  Mat-Su Fish  and                                                                    
     Wildlife  Commission,  the   Kenai  River  Sportfishing                                                                    
     Association and the  Cook Inlet Aquaculture Association                                                                    
     in a March  26, 2013 letter to  the Alaska Legislature.                                                                    
     This  effort  resulted  in an  allocation  of  over  $7                                                                    
     million  for  vital  migration,  genetics  and  habitat                                                                    
     studies for  the Cook  Inlet region.  Repeated requests                                                                    
     throughout   November   and   December  of   2013   for                                                                    
     continuing  the  collaboration  in 2015  have  not  yet                                                                    
     materialized.  However, we  heard yesterday  the Mat-Su                                                                    
     Borough and Commission have  apparently submitted a new                                                                    
     $2.5 million  salmon research appropriation  request to                                                                    
     the Legislature.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     Economic  Significance  of Kenai  Peninsula  Commercial                                                                    
     fisheries: ASA  has attached a detailed  summary of its                                                                    
     processor  members  and  the economic  significance  of                                                                    
     Peninsula fisheries  that we presented to  the Board of                                                                    
     Fisheries in February (RC 114, attachment).                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Economic value in participation  in sport, personal use                                                                    
     and commercial fisheries fluctuate  widely from year to                                                                    
     year  as  circumstances   change.  Southcentral  Alaska                                                                    
     needs  the social  and  economic  contributions of  all                                                                    
     users  of  Cook  Inlet  salmon and  we  all  must  work                                                                    
     together  for  the  long  term  sustainability  of  our                                                                    
     salmon resources.                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     In comparing economic reports it  is important to refer                                                                    
     to  Gunnar  Knapp's  "Comparison of  Recent  Sport  and                                                                    
     Commercial   Fisheries    Economic   Studies",   (2009)                                                                    
     prepared for  the Cook Inlet  Economic Task  Force. Mr.                                                                    
     Knapp  used  two  major reports  for  his  comparisons.                                                                    
     Knapp  advises caution  in the  comparison of  economic                                                                    
     reports  between commercial  and  sportfish sectors  of                                                                    
     the industry.  Differing methodologies are used  by the                                                                    
     sectors    with     non-comparable    economic    value                                                                    
     conclusions.  In  regards  to  Cook  Inlet,  Knapp  had                                                                    
     several  interesting conclusions,  which are  listed in                                                                    
     his testimony. A few of them are:                                                                                          
     -Even  if  catches  and   allocations  stay  the  same,                                                                    
     economic impacts can change  significantly from year to                                                                    
     year.                                                                                                                      
     -Economic  impacts aren't  necessarily proportional  to                                                                    
     fish catches.                                                                                                              
     -The studies  provide very little if  any useful policy                                                                    
     guidance on sport-commercial allocation issues.                                                                            
     -The  commercial  industry  is  not  viable  without  a                                                                    
     certain  threshold level  of fishing  opportunities and                                                                    
     regular openings.                                                                                                          
     -Economic  arguments for  changes in  allocation should                                                                    
     be  based  on analysis  and  clear  thinking about  the                                                                    
     specific  expected  economic  effects of  the  specific                                                                    
     proposed policy change.                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
4:47:50 PM                                                                                                                    
     A  major  concern of  the  ASA  is the  anti-set-netter                                                                    
     ballot  initiative  that   was  covered  adequately  in                                                                    
     Monday's  testimony by  the  Kenai Peninsula  Fisheries                                                                    
     Association.  We agree  with  the  association that  if                                                                    
     this initiative is  allowed to go forward  that it will                                                                    
     immediately  eliminate  500 setnet  family  businesses,                                                                    
     most of whom  reside in the Cook Inlet  region. It will                                                                    
     also severely  disrupt processors' efforts  for orderly                                                                    
     and efficient production.                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
     Legislative  Involvement at  the  Cook  Inlet Board  of                                                                    
     Fisheries Meeting,  February 2014:  Without a  doubt we                                                                    
     have  seen a  change  in recent  years  in how  certain                                                                    
     influential people  have interacted  with the  Board of                                                                    
     Fisheries and  ADF&G. In  the past,  fishery management                                                                    
     was  a job  that was  best left  to the  professionals;                                                                    
     that means biologists who were  trained and mentored in                                                                    
     the  ever-changing  and   dynamic  field  of  fisheries                                                                    
     sciences.  It   takes  years  of  involvement   in  the                                                                    
     fisheries   and  a   thorough   understanding  of   the                                                                    
     interrelationships  between  the  different  fisheries,                                                                    
     gear  types,   run  timing,  historical   patterns  and                                                                    
     emerging   scientific  data   to   make  informed   and                                                                    
     intelligent decisions.                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     Policies of  allowing trained professionals  to comment                                                                    
     on   the   scientific   aspects  of   proposals,   even                                                                    
     allocative  proposals that  are  couched in  escapement                                                                    
     goal   proposals,   need    to   be   encouraged.   The                                                                    
     professional  biologists  need  to  fulfill  their  job                                                                    
     requirements   so  Alaska   fisheries  management   can                                                                    
     continue to be the model  for the future. We should not                                                                    
     allow the influence of  politically motivated people to                                                                    
     affect  the best  management  practices  of the  salmon                                                                    
     resources that so many Alaskans depend on.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
     Political influence  was clearly  apparent at  the 2014                                                                    
     Cook  Inlet BOF  meeting and  decisions were  made that                                                                    
     did  not incorporate  the best  science and  the public                                                                    
     process  was pushed  aside for  expediency. One  of the                                                                    
     legislative representatives  from the Kenai  area filed                                                                    
     a letter of concern regarding the Board's decisions.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     As  a  direct  result   of  this  political  influence,                                                                    
     drastic new restrictions were placed  on the Cook Inlet                                                                    
     commercial  drift and  setnet fleet  in the  harvest of                                                                    
     sockeye salmon that had quite an effect.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
     Many reports  were presented to the  Board of Fisheries                                                                    
     at  the  2014  Cook   Inlet  meeting.  ADF&G  presented                                                                    
     several staff  reports and individuals and  user groups                                                                    
     used  ADF&G   data  in  compiling  their   reports.  In                                                                    
     contrast,  a report  from the  Mat-Su Borough  Fish and                                                                    
     Wildlife Commission  called "Juneau We Have  a Problem"                                                                    
     is simply a case study  in Alaska fisheries ideology. A                                                                    
     critique   has  already   been  presented   about  that                                                                    
     proposal. As such, it  characterizes the Mat-Su Borough                                                                    
     culture of  fisheries science and  management. It  is a                                                                    
     conglomeration of assertions,  theories and claims that                                                                    
     hint at  a political, social and  economic program that                                                                    
     will  hopefully  lead  to  getting  more  fish  in  the                                                                    
     Northern District Rivers.  In actuality, its acceptance                                                                    
     can set  a precedent  that will lead  to the  demise of                                                                    
     science-based management in the Board of Fisheries.                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
4:50:44 PM                                                                                                                    
     Specific Board  of Fisheries process issues  of concern                                                                    
     leading to a politicized  process is something that has                                                                    
     already been touched on by  Rick Koch, Manager, City of                                                                    
     Kenai,  and the  Kenai  Peninsula Fishing  Association.                                                                    
     There  is the  issue of  board-generated proposals  and                                                                    
     the  difficulty  they present  as  there  is really  no                                                                    
     allowance for  ADF&G to analyze  them on the  spot, and                                                                    
     there is also no opportunity for public comment.                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
     There is  a need for  a pre-screening process  that can                                                                    
     deal  with   the  problem  of   over  200   Cook  Inlet                                                                    
     proposals.  Too many  proposals  create too  much of  a                                                                    
     workload  on not  only  the ADF&G  staff  but also  BOF                                                                    
     members  who  have  to  read   thousands  of  pages  of                                                                    
     documents. Therefore, the ADF&G  and BOF could consider                                                                    
     a pre-screening system using  some combination of ADF&G                                                                    
     staff to  prioritize a meaningful list  of proposals to                                                                    
     be  dealt with  in a  normal  cycle, with  the goal  to                                                                    
     reduce it to a pre-established limit.                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     Another  issue we  think could  be  entertained is  the                                                                    
     need for  a collaborative and inclusive  public process                                                                    
     to   develop  long   term  allocative   and  management                                                                    
     solutions for  Cook Inlet salmon fisheries.  There is a                                                                    
     need  to consider  developing  an informal  stakeholder                                                                    
     process  and discussion  to identify  core problems,  a                                                                    
     reasonable  range of  proposed solutions,  and credible                                                                    
     sector representatives  that can eventually serve  on a                                                                    
     stakeholder committee to  seek long-term allocative and                                                                    
     management  solutions.  Teleconferenced meetings  could                                                                    
     be  organized outside  the  normal  Board of  Fisheries                                                                    
     meeting cycle.  The "unofficial process" can  be funded                                                                    
     primarily  at the  expense of  stakeholders, who  would                                                                    
     also set a schedule for meetings.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Once a critical  mass of stakeholders have  come to the                                                                    
     table  and  established  some  clear  alternatives  and                                                                    
     demonstrated the  desire to continue, the  BOF can make                                                                    
     a  preliminary decision  to  sanction  the process  and                                                                    
     schedule  it for  preliminary  reviews.  This has  been                                                                    
     successful in other fisheries in Alaska.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
4:53:27 PM                                                                                                                    
     The Need for  the Board of Fisheries to  take action to                                                                    
     protect  in-river  habitat:  Ten  Kenai  River  habitat                                                                    
     protection  proposals were  submitted to  the Board  of                                                                    
     Fisheries   by  Dwight   Kramer  of   the  Kenai   Area                                                                    
     Fishermen's Coalition  (KAFC) Proposals  219-228. These                                                                    
     habitat   related    proposals   recommended   seasonal                                                                    
     spawning  bed closures  to protect  Kenai king  salmon.                                                                    
     The Alaska  Salmon Alliance strongly supported  some of                                                                    
     those proposals,  in particular, number 219,  which was                                                                    
     also  supported by  the  U.S.  Department of  Interior,                                                                    
     Fish and  Wildlife Service. This would  have called for                                                                    
     collaboration with  the ADF&G to  try to work  out some                                                                    
     reasonable spawning bed closures.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
     Conclusions:   Economic  and   Resource  Sustainability                                                                    
     Threats  from  a   Politicized  Process:  The  powerful                                                                    
     economic engine  of the commercial, sport  and personal                                                                    
     use  fisheries  of  Cook  Inlet  runs  on  a  renewable                                                                    
     resource  and requires  only two  things: science-based                                                                    
     management  of   salmon  for  sustained  yield   and  a                                                                    
     reliable  and predictable  regulatory environment  that                                                                    
     allows for an orderly harvestable surplus of salmon.                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     Current management plans  and politics are increasingly                                                                    
     placing salmon runs at risk  and setting up unrealistic                                                                    
     expectations  for some  user groups.  As long  as there                                                                    
     are sufficient  salmon returns,  the ASA  believes that                                                                    
     you  can  provide  for a  healthy  commercial  fishery.                                                                    
     There  will   always  be  reasonable   opportunity  and                                                                    
     sufficient numbers of  salmon to meet the  needs of in-                                                                    
     river  harvesters  and   escapement  goals.  If  salmon                                                                    
     returns    decline,   eventually    all   users    face                                                                    
     restrictions  or  even   closures  to  meet  escapement                                                                    
     goals.                                                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
     Continued  politicization will  be the  death knell  of                                                                    
     sustainable  fisheries  management  and  threatens  the                                                                    
     State of  Alaska fisheries  management reputation  as a                                                                    
     model for fisheries management in the U.S.                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
4:55:02 PM                                                                                                                    
JULIANNE CURRY,  Executive Director, United Fishermen  of Alaska,                                                               
Juneau, Alaska,  said the economic  data in her  presentation are                                                               
primary dollar values  and do not include  the multiplier effects                                                               
that are  typically included in  economic reports. There  is very                                                               
little  data for  the seafood  industry that  includes multiplier                                                               
effects.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
She showed  a slide showing  commercial fishing  ex-vessel values                                                               
of species  statewide harvested in  Alaska and the price  paid to                                                               
fishermen at  the dock  (not including the  dollar value  paid to                                                               
the processor once that seafood is sold).                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
The average ex-vessel value between 2008 and 2012:                                                                              
$911 million for groundfish                                                                                                     
$544 million for salmon                                                                                                         
$259 million for shellfish                                                                                                      
$181 million for halibut                                                                                                        
$21 million for herring                                                                                                         
$10 million for dive fisheries                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
Commercial fishing harvest volumes:                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
4 billion lbs. for groundfish  (majority is Alaska pollock caught                                                               
in federal waters                                                                                                               
790 million lbs. for salmon (most of which is pink salmon)                                                                      
92.6 million lbs. for shellfish                                                                                                 
91.4 million lbs. for herring                                                                                                   
38.4 million lbs. halibut                                                                                                       
2.6 million lbs. for dive fisheries                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
MS. CURRY  said there  are over  200 different  active commercial                                                               
fisheries  in  Alaska;  five  different  species  of  salmon  are                                                               
harvested  with  four  different   gear  types:  seine,  gillnet,                                                               
setnet,  and  troll.  The  five  species  of  salmon  are:  king,                                                               
sockeye, coho, kita and pinks.  Pink salmon comprise the majority                                                               
of the volume of salmon harvested by the commercial sector.                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
The groundfish and whitefish  fisheries include halibut, pollock,                                                               
cod, sablefish (black cod), and  many other species. The crab and                                                               
shellfish  fisheries  include  king crab,  Dungeness  crab,  snow                                                               
crab, scallops, prawn and other species.                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
Alaska also  has a  number of  herring fisheries  that contribute                                                               
significant volume  and it also  has a very unique  dive fishery.                                                               
Fishing is  Alaska. Alaska's commercial, sport,  personal use and                                                               
subsistence fisheries  are all a  vital component of  our economy                                                               
and  our way  of life.  All of  these fisheries  provide Alaskans                                                               
with  access  to  Alaska's  fishery  resources.  Subsistence  and                                                               
recreational  fisheries   bring  Alaskans   to  the   fish  while                                                               
commercial fisheries bring the fish to Alaskans.                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
The seafood industry is fully  dependent on sustainable fisheries                                                               
management  for their  livelihood and  for the  success of  their                                                               
children.  It   is  Alaska's  largest  private   sector  employer                                                               
creating  over  63,000  direct  jobs  throughout  the  state.  It                                                               
contributes  over  $130 million  in  direct  tax revenue  to  the                                                               
general fund and also to  local municipalities. In Alaska, one in                                                               
eight workers  earn all or  part of their annual  income directly                                                               
from  the seafood  industry. Estimated  earnings by  Alaska-based                                                               
permit holders,  which does  not include  crew or  processors, is                                                               
$681 million.                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
4:59:01 PM                                                                                                                    
Direct jobs created  by the seafood industry in  Alaska produce a                                                               
wholesale  value  of  $4.6  billion  worth  of  wild  sustainable                                                               
seafood and result in an estimated $1.7 billion in labor income.                                                                
                                                                                                                                
MS. CURRY  said that commercial  fishing permit holders  and crew                                                               
members  reside in  217 out  of the  355 incorporated  cities and                                                               
census-designated places in Alaska. These  are people who live in                                                               
our  communities and  contribute  significantly  to our  economy.                                                               
Virtually  every  business  in Alaska  benefits  from  commercial                                                               
fishing  dollars  through  support  of dozens  of  other  support                                                               
business, such  as hardware and  marine suppliers, fuel,  air and                                                               
water   travel,  shipping,   restaurants,  super   markets,  boat                                                               
builders,  shipyards,  accountants,  scientists,  educators,  and                                                               
administrators.                                                                                                                 
                                                                                                                                
5:00:21 PM                                                                                                                    
The  UFA  fact  sheet,  which  is  compiled  by  their  executive                                                               
administrator,  Mark Vinsel,  indicates that  of the  2012 active                                                               
permit holders, 74 percent are  Alaskan residents and over 10,500                                                               
full-year resident crew member licenses were sold.                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
For the  communities in the  Mat-Su Borough there are  221 active                                                               
permit holders, 446 full-year crew  member licenses sold and Mat-                                                               
Su-based  fishermen  landed over  $16  million  worth of  seafood                                                               
based on ex-vessel prices.                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
For  the communities  in the  Anchorage municipality,  499 permit                                                               
holders  fished in  2012 and  over 1200  full-year crew  licenses                                                               
were  purchased,  which  ranks  Anchorage at  the  highest  total                                                               
fishing participation  in the state.  There are over  470 Alaska-                                                               
based  processing  jobs and  over  $6.8  million in  Alaska-based                                                               
processing wages. Ex-vessel value  of seafood landed in Anchorage                                                               
was $10.2 million.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
For the  communities in  the Kenai  Peninsula Borough  over 1,000                                                               
permit  holders fished  in  2012 and  over  1,600 full-year  crew                                                               
licenses   were  purchased.   There   were  893   Alaska-resident                                                               
processing  jobs earning  $7.2  million per  year  in wages.  Ex-                                                               
vessel income  by Kenai  Peninsula-based resident  permit holders                                                               
is over $120 million.                                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
5:01:54 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MICCICHE said  that was a refreshing  presentation, for a                                                               
specific  reason, because  she talked  about the  combined value.                                                               
The reality is that neither side can be sacrificed.                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR GIESSEL noted that she broke facts down by community.                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR BISHOP thanked  her and UFA for the jobs  they create for                                                               
Alaskans, especially  jobs on the  front end, and for  going into                                                               
Interior Alaska to find people to work.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
5:04:07 PM                                                                                                                    
ROBERT RUFFNER, Executive Director,  Kenai Watershed Forum (KWF),                                                               
Soldotna, Alaska,  said he  wanted to talk  today about  who they                                                               
are, how  they are  different, some of  the key  habitat concerns                                                               
from  what they  really  do know,  and some  of  the key  habitat                                                               
concerns  that the  Forum  shares about  things  that they  don't                                                               
know, but think they should be  looking at more closely. He would                                                               
try to summarize with some thoughts they could ponder.                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
He  said KWF  was incorporated  in  1997 and  have a  nine-member                                                               
diverse board of  directors; key to their  organization is having                                                               
people from  the different  user groups on  the board.  They also                                                               
try to have  some industry representation that is  outside of the                                                               
fishery  industry to  include "corporate  think." They  cover the                                                               
entire Kenai  Peninsula-plus. The  Mat-Su Borough  has contracted                                                               
with  them for  mapping skills  and  remote sensing  work to  use                                                               
there. They  are completely non-allocative  with respect  to fish                                                               
and want  the fish  to come  back as  abundantly as  possible for                                                               
everyone.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
They have  two employees, one in  Soldotna and one in  Homer, and                                                               
do  their  work  through  three  different  programs:  education,                                                               
research,  and  restoration  and  spend  $1-3  million/year.  The                                                               
biggest  variable  is  the  type  of  restoration  projects  they                                                               
tackle.                                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
5:07:28 PM                                                                                                                    
Their  habitat  concerns are  what  most  people  agree on  in  a                                                               
partnership with 20 different scientists.                                                                                       
1. Invasive species: pike and some water plants like Elodea                                                                     
2.   Warming  water/changing   hydrologic  conditions   and  flow                                                               
patterns                                                                                                                        
3. Near shore  environments: riparian areas that are  next to the                                                               
lakes  and  streams  that  have a  unique  vegetation  type  that                                                               
support the fish.                                                                                                               
Roads and culverts                                                                                                              
4. Stream and lakeside alterations                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
He said  the Kenai  group picked invasive  species for  a reason.                                                               
The Mat-Su  Valley has  large areas  of pike-infested  waters and                                                               
they have made  a significant dent in the  population of multiple                                                               
species  of salmon  to the  north. They  need to  make absolutely                                                               
sure that when an invasive species  comes into an area that is so                                                               
important, like  fish, it  must be  nipped in  the bud.  The pike                                                               
problem should  have been dealt with  15 or 20 years  ago when it                                                               
first emerged.  The Kenai  Peninsula is  lucky that  they haven't                                                               
spread much there.                                                                                                              
                                                                                                                                
5:11:45 PM                                                                                                                    
Culverts keep juveniles  from getting to their  habitats and they                                                               
have fixed most  of the culverts that caused the  problems on the                                                               
Kenai Peninsula. Mat-Su has a ways  to go, but the worst ones are                                                               
on the  major roads  and it's  very disruptive  to work  on them.                                                               
It's also expensive.                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                
5:13:23 PM                                                                                                                    
Priority KWF concerns:                                                                                                          
1.  Must  be  very  careful   during  low  abundance,  especially                                                               
focusing on juvenile fish behavior                                                                                              
2. Physical disturbance from intensive freshwater fisheries                                                                     
3. Effectiveness of existing riparian buffers                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
It used  to be  that the  ADF&G was  keeping a  close eye  on how                                                               
development was occurring  near the river and it's  been hard for                                                               
the Sportfish Division  to keep up with it. But  they are failing                                                               
and it's important to give them help.                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                
MR.  RUFFNER  encouraged  them to  read  the  Alaska  Sustainable                                                               
Salmon  Policy.   The  Department  of Environmental  Conservation                                                               
(DEC)  and Department  of Natural  Resources (DNR)  must actively                                                               
check a  box for anything they  do to be compliant  with it. More                                                               
attention needs to be given to this document.                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                
5:17:11 PM                                                                                                                    
Difficult  message 2:  Issues that  cut across  multiple agencies                                                               
are  the ones  failing to  get attention.  For example:  gasoline                                                               
from motorboats going  into rivers. People knew it  was a problem                                                               
and  that  state water  quality  standards  were being  exceeded.                                                               
Several  hundred  gallons  a  day  were  going  into  the  river.                                                               
Everybody knew  it had  to be  addressed, but  no one  was really                                                               
willing to step up  and do it. A lot of  finger pointing went on.                                                               
The same thing happened at the BOF meeting.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
He wished  the state would  step up  instead of having  to engage                                                               
the federal government.  The EPA wrote a letter  saying they were                                                               
on the  Impaired Water Body List,  and as soon as  that happened,                                                               
the finger  pointing stopped and  people got busy and  fixed that                                                               
problem.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
5:19:10 PM                                                                                                                    
Recommendations:                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
-More  expertise   in  sport   fish  or   habitat  non-management                                                               
fisheries issues is needed, particularly with habitat.                                                                          
-Independent panels  without user groups  are needed to  help set                                                               
research  priorities and  figure out  where the  money should  be                                                               
spent.                                                                                                                          
-Funding the freshwater habitat research  needs with the sales of                                                               
fishing licenses  is leading to  conflicts of interest  making it                                                               
hard for them to take actions  that will hinder them from selling                                                               
those fishing licenses.                                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
5:21:07 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR  DYSON  said  he  appreciated   his  comments  and  gutsy                                                               
recommendations and asked  how pike get into  new systems without                                                               
people bringing them in.                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
MR. RUFFNER answered that they  can migrate, but primarily people                                                               
bring them in, but it's hard to catch them.                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                
SENATOR  DYSON  asked  what  can  be done  in  a  lake  short  of                                                               
poisoning everything and starting over.                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
MR. RUFFNER  answered that he  was all for  that. The way  it has                                                               
been done  is that  they remove the  non-invasive species  from a                                                               
lake  system and  put them  in one  of the  hatcheries, kill  the                                                               
pike, and  put them back. That  seems to be working  on the Kenai                                                               
Peninsula. Removing  them from  a flowing water  creek will  be a                                                               
lot more difficult.                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                
5:23:04 PM                                                                                                                    
SENATOR MICCICHE said  knew Mr. Ruffner for a long  time and that                                                               
he  can  be trusted  inherently.  He  had  seen him  bring  folks                                                               
together that previously would have  no interest in doing so. Mr.                                                               
Ruffner is  not a member  of any of  these groups; he  is working                                                               
for the  fish. He asked  if he  saw any solutions  bringing folks                                                               
together  to find  a way  from  the northernmost  reaches of  the                                                               
Valley to the southernmost reaches  of his district and how would                                                               
he start.                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
MR. RUFFNER  answered that they  take working  together seriously                                                               
even though it  is difficult. Going through a board  cycle adds a                                                               
lot  of stress.  In  the arena  he  works in  he  hopes the  fish                                                               
habitat  partnerships  would  bring people  together  around  the                                                               
habitat  issues.  It's  hard  to  separate  habitat  issues  from                                                               
allocation issues  because it's  a blurry  line. They  will never                                                               
get away from arguing about who  gets the fish, when and why. The                                                               
most important thing  they can do is try to  hold the user groups                                                               
to some level of honesty and civility.                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                
CHAIR GIESSEL found no further questions and thanked Mr.                                                                        
Ruffner.                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                
5:26:28 PM                                                                                                                    
CHAIR GIESSEL adjourned the Senate Resources Standing Committee                                                                 
meeting at 5:26 p.m.                                                                                                            

Document Name Date/Time Subjects
SRES Agenda 20140326 UPDATED.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
UCIDA print version 3.26.14.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
SRES UCIDA-CIFF FMP Statement.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
SRES Cook Inlet Aquaculture 20140326.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
SRES Kenai River Sports Fishing Assn 20140326.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
RES Kenai Watershed Forum 20140326.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
SRES United Fishermen of Alaska 20140326.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
SRES UFA Community Fish Facts 2013.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
SRES Alaska Salmon Alliance Presentation 20140326.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
RES ASA Brochure 20140326.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
SRES ASA- backup 20140326.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
RES ASA-Cook Inlet Salmon Fisheries NE Report 20140326.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
HB 77 Opposition Documents with Index 03-24-2014 Group #14.pdf SRES 3/26/2014 3:30:00 PM
HB 77